Damp prevention and fire
protection are the chief requirements to
ensure the safety of buildings
against dampness and fire respectively.
Sources of dampness(causes)
Dampness in building in generally
due to one or more of the
following causes
(i) Faulty design of structure (ii)
Faulty construction or poor workmanship
(iii) Use of poor materials in
construction
These cause give rise to an easy
access to moisture to enter the building from different points, such as rising
of moisture from ground, rain penetration through walls, roofs and floors etc.
The moisture entering the building from foundation and roofs, travels in
different directions further under the effects of capillary action and gravity
respectively. The entry of water and its movements, in different parts of the
building are positively due to the one or more of the causes listed above.
Effects of dampness:
The various effects caused due to
dampness in buildings mainly results in poor functional performance, ugly
appearance and structural weakness of the buildings.
1. A damp building creates
unhealthy living and working conditions for the occupants
2. Presence of damp condition
causes efflorescence on building surfaces which ultimately results in the
disintegration of bricks stones, tiles etc and hence reduction of strength
3. It may result in softening and
crumbling of plaster
4. It may cause bleaching and
flaking of the paint which results in
the formation of coloured patches
on the wall surfaces and ceilings
5. It may result in the corrosion
of metals used in the construction of
buildings
6. The materials used as floor
coverings such as tiles are damaged because they lose adhesion with the floor
bases
7. Timber when in contact with
damp condition, gets deteriorated due to the effect of warping, buckling and
rolling of timber
8. All the electrical fittings
gets deteriorated, causing leakage of electric current with the potential
danger of a short circuit
9. Dampness promotes the growth of
termites and hence creates unhygienic conditions in buildings
Damp Proofing is a technique used in construction to prevent moisture from entering buildings and causing damage to structures and materials. It involves applying materials or coatings to walls, floors, and foundations to create a barrier against water penetration.
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